World In Brief · Senior Edition
June 19, 2026
Even though there are more than 200 known species of snakefly in the world, only four have ever been recorded in the UK.

Rare 'Snake-Headed' Insect Spotted in Scottish Garden

A rarely seen insect with a snake-like head and body has been spotted in a garden in Inverness, Scotland. The snakefly, named for its ability to move its head and upper body like a snake, is a predator that feeds on aphids and other small insects.

Snakeflies usually live high up in the tops of trees, making them difficult to spot at ground level. While there are over 200 known species of snakefly worldwide, only four have ever been recorded in the UK. In Scotland, just one species—called *Atlantoraphidia maculicollis*—has been found.

The charity Buglife Scotland explained that this species is associated with pine trees, where it lives right at the top of the canopy. Because of this tree-topping habit, experts say it can be hard to track their numbers. The insects are sometimes blown down to lower levels by strong winds, which is how this one likely ended up in a garden.

Snakeflies are found across the northern hemisphere, mostly in mountainous areas or places with temperate climates—not too hot, not too cold. Their larvae live under loose tree bark, while adults hunt in the foliage.

Buglife Scotland added that the snakefly is probably under-recorded due to its hidden lifestyle, meaning there could be more of them out there than we know.

think critically
Why might a species that lives high in tree canopies be 'under-recorded'? What challenges do scientists face when trying to count animals that are hard to spot?
see it differently
Imagine you're a snakefly living in the treetops. How would your daily life change if you were blown down to the ground by a strong wind? What new dangers or opportunities might you face?
write about it
Write a short journal entry from the perspective of the person who found the snakefly in their garden. Describe what they saw, how they felt, and why they decided to report it to Buglife Scotland.
Dozens of athletes on performance-enhancing drugs competed in the Enhanced Games. Organizers hope it'll sell a lot of peptides and other supplements.

The 'Steroid Olympics' Were a Circus—and a Window Into Our Culture

Imagine a sporting event where athletes are not just allowed but encouraged to take steroids, human growth hormone, and other performance-enhancing drugs. That’s exactly what the Enhanced Games, held in Las Vegas in May 2026, were all about. Some people call it a glimpse into the future; others call it a dangerous circus.

The event took place in a flashy arena built in a casino parking lot, with a swimming pool, a track, and a weightlifting platform. Between events, ads flashed for supplements with names like “Stronger” and “Longer.” The founder, Aron D’Souza, says the games challenge outdated sports rules and could help develop drugs that let everyone live longer, healthier lives. Critics argue it glamorizes risky substances and puts athletes’ health at risk.

At the competition, the results were surprising. Some non-doping athletes actually beat the enhanced ones. U.S. sprinter Fred Kerley won the 100-meter dash easily and joked, “They need to train a little harder, get on that shit a little bit more.” Meanwhile, bodybuilders and investors mingled, swapping stories about their “stacks” (combinations of drugs). One Russian bodybuilder insisted he didn’t use performance enhancers—except testosterone replacement therapy, which he didn’t “really count.”

The Enhanced Games weren’t just about sports. They reveal a cultural moment where Silicon Valley biohackers, anti-aging scientists, and even certain online influencers are all obsessed with pushing human limits. As the author watched, two questions kept coming to mind: Were they right to do this? And what does it mean for the rest of us?

The event grew out of a 2022 conversation between D’Souza and billionaire Peter Thiel. Thiel helped connect him to Christian Angermayer, a biotech billionaire who wants to redefine medicine—not just to treat disease, but to actively enhance human health. By early 2024, the team included an anti-aging doctor who works with Hollywood stars and a young “looksmaxxing” influencer. The company went public with a $1.2 billion valuation.

But not everyone is convinced. Some athletes got injured, and few world records were broken. The whole thing felt like a mix of serious science, internet meme culture, and a very expensive experiment. Whether you see it as a breakthrough or a farce, the Enhanced Games force us to ask: How far should we go in the quest to be stronger, faster, and never grow old?

Think Critically
The article describes the Enhanced Games as both a 'window into our culture' and a 'circus.' Based on the evidence provided, do you think the event is more of a serious scientific experiment or a dangerous publicity stunt? Support your opinion with details from the text.
See It Differently
Imagine you are an athlete who has trained your whole life without drugs. How would you feel about competing against someone who uses performance enhancers? Does the idea of 'fairness' change if everyone is allowed to take them?
Write About It
Write a short letter (150-200 words) to the organizers of the Enhanced Games from the perspective of a doctor or a parent. Argue either for or against the event, using at least two specific points from the article.
For one shopkeeper, a solar-powered grain mill is transforming her ability to maintain a thriving business.

Solar-Powered Grain Mills Are Changing the Game for Kenyan Shopkeepers

In Nairobi, Kenya, a growing number of entrepreneurs are switching from diesel-powered machines to solar energy—and it’s making a real difference for their businesses and the environment.

Kenya’s power grid already runs mostly on renewable energy, but about 25% of communities still lack access to centralized electricity. The country wants to provide universal electricity by 2030 without increasing emissions. That’s where off-grid solar comes in. Solar technology has become much cheaper: a panel that used to cost about $3 per watt a few years ago now costs just a few cents per watt.

Take Milcah Wanjiru, a shopkeeper on the outskirts of Nairobi. Her small street-side stall sells milk, bread, matches, and other basics, but her main business is milling corn flour for local residents. They use the flour to make ugali, a popular Kenyan dish similar to polenta but less creamy. Wanjiru’s grain mill is powered by solar energy or the grid—unlike most mills in her area, which burn diesel fuel.

“Whenever customers came to mill their grain, they asked for other goods,” Wanjiru explains, “and this is how I got to stock these other items.” Her mill, designed by a company called Agsol, has helped her attract more customers and save money.

Matt Carr, CEO and cofounder of Agsol, visited Wanjiru to get her feedback. She mentioned one issue: the mill can be slow, and grains sometimes get stuck in the front chamber, causing jams. Carr explained that the mill automatically slows down if the grain is damp, which helps squeeze out more flour but can lead to the problem she described.

Overall, Wanjiru is happy with the machine, which she’s been using since December 2025. It costs less to run than diesel-powered mills. According to Carr, about 40% of what diesel mill owners charge customers goes toward fuel, while Agsol’s solar mill can be up to 80% more profitable after the initial $1,300 cost is paid off—usually within six to 12 months. Wanjiru also likes that her mill can handle very small amounts of grain, which has brought in new customers.

Agsol launched its first product in Kenya in 2018 and has raised over $4 million in investment, much of it through a UK government program supporting clean energy projects. Last year, the company sold 530 units and has received orders from as far away as Mozambique and Angola.

As we leave, Wanjiru turns back to her work, scooping peanuts, mung beans, rice, and millet from burlap sacks for a waiting customer. Her solar-powered mill isn’t just a machine—it’s the heart of her thriving business.

Think Critically
Based on the article, what are the main advantages and disadvantages of solar-powered grain mills compared to diesel-powered ones? Do you think the benefits outweigh the drawbacks for shopkeepers like Wanjiru? Use evidence from the text to support your opinion.
See It Differently
Imagine you are a shopkeeper in a rural area without reliable electricity. Would you choose a solar-powered mill, a diesel mill, or stick with manual methods? What factors—cost, reliability, environmental impact, customer needs—would matter most to you, and why?
Write About It
Write a short diary entry from Milcah Wanjiru’s perspective, describing a typical day running her shop with the solar-powered mill. Include her thoughts on the benefits and challenges, and how the machine has changed her life.
The kits at the World Cup are mishmash of verve and color featuring elements of the competing nations' culture and history.

World Cup Jerseys: More Than Just Kits – They Tell Stories

At the World Cup, players sweat, bleed, and cry in their jerseys. But those shirts aren't just uniforms—they're packed with history, culture, and sometimes controversy. Here's a look at the most fascinating kit designs at this year's tournament, hosted by the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.

**Cape Verde’s Flight Paths** For its first-ever World Cup, Cape Verde—the smallest nation in the tournament—designed jerseys with a geometric triangle print. This pattern represents the flight routes connecting its 10 volcanic islands off Africa's coast, home to about 525,000 people. The message: the whole nation is united behind the team. It worked—they held Spain to a surprising 0-0 draw.

**Belgium’s Surrealism** Belgium’s multicolor away jersey has a message on the collar: “This is not a jersey.” It's a nod to surrealist artist René Magritte, who famously painted a pipe and wrote “This is not a pipe” underneath—because it's just a painting. The light-blue shirt features pink patterns, black details, and soccer-inspired designs like pitch lines and a ball. The Belgian federation says the kit “sparks the imagination.”

**Haiti’s Battle Scene** Haiti originally submitted a jersey showing the final battle of its War of Independence (1803). But FIFA rejected it as too political. The updated blue kit no longer includes the battle artwork, but the original design was meant to honor the men and women who shape Haiti’s future.

**Argentina’s Swirling Paint** Argentina’s home jersey blends three shades of blue—honoring its World Cup wins in 1978, 1986, and 2022. The dark blue away kit is inspired by *filete porteño*, a traditional Buenos Aires painting style with bright, swirling colors and fancy lettering. Lionel Messi wore it while scoring a hat trick against Algeria.

**France’s American Connection** France's away jersey has a green hue—the color of the oxidized Statue of Liberty, a gift from France to the U.S. in 1886. The kit includes a copper-colored logo and the French phrase “Nos différences nous unissent” (Our differences unite us).

**Iran’s Endangered Cheetah** Iran’s jerseys feature an Asiatic cheetah across the front, with spots on the sleeves. This critically endangered species once numbered 400 in the 1990s; now fewer than 70 remain in Iran. The design raises awareness about conservation.

**Norway’s Runic Font** Norway’s kit uses a sharp, geometric font inspired by runic writing—ancient alphabets from northern Europe. The blue cross is flanked by Viking art patterns in Urnes style. The design embraces centuries-old history.

**Colombia’s Yellow Butterflies** Look closely at Colombia’s yellow jersey: you’ll see butterfly patterns. They honor Gabriel García Márquez’s novel *One Hundred Years of Solitude*, where a character is followed by a cloud of yellow butterflies. The book is a masterpiece of magical realism.

**Mexico’s Aztec Calendar** Mexico’s home jersey brings back the Aztec calendar design from the 1990s. The team visited Mexico City’s National Museum of Anthropology and posed in front of the famous “Stone of the Sun.”

**Saudi Arabia’s Architecture** Saudi Arabia’s dark green jersey has lavender squares and diamond shapes, inspired by geometric doorway decorations found in traditional architecture.

**Think Critically:** FIFA rejected Haiti’s jersey for being “too political.” Do you think sports organizations should have the power to ban designs that reference historical events? Why or why not? Use evidence from the article.

**See It Differently:** If you could design a jersey for your country (or a country you admire), what story or symbol would you put on it, and why might some people love it while others find it controversial?

**Write About It:** In a short paragraph, describe a jersey design that represents something meaningful to you (your school, community, or favorite team). Explain what the colors, symbols, or patterns say about that group’s identity.

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📝 Read & Respond
Read. Think. Write.
1 Comprehension Check
1. Based on "Rare 'Snake-Headed' Insect Spotted in Scottish Garden", what is the main idea of this article? Write one sentence.
2. Based on "The 'Steroid Olympics' Were a Circus—and a Window Into Our Culture", what is the main idea of this article? Write one sentence.
3. Based on "Solar-Powered Grain Mills Are Changing the Game for Kenyan Shopkeepers", what is the main idea of this article? Write one sentence.
4. Based on "World Cup Jerseys: More Than Just Kits – They Tell Stories", what is the main idea of this article? Write one sentence.
5. What evidence does the article provide to support its main argument?
2 Vocab Builder
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3 Critical Thinking
The article describes the Enhanced Games as both a 'window into our culture' and a 'circus.' Based on the evidence provided, do you think the event is more of a serious scientific experiment or a dangerous publicity stunt? Support your opinion with details from the text.
4 See It Differently
Imagine you are an athlete who has trained your whole life without drugs. How would you feel about competing against someone who uses performance enhancers? Does the idea of 'fairness' change if everyone is allowed to take them?
5 Quick Write
Write a short letter (150-200 words) to the organizers of the Enhanced Games from the perspective of a doctor or a parent. Argue either for or against the event, using at least two specific points from the article.